The moral system is innate in man and through time, has served as a model of moral behavior to stop the common man, approving certain qualities and disapproving others. While this instinctive faculty may vary from person to person, humane conciencia2 has given a verdict in favor of certain moral qualities as being good and declaring others as being evil. On the side of the moral virtues, justice, courage, bravery and truthfulness have always received praise and History does not record any decent period of appointment, that falsehood, injustice, dishonesty and breach of trust, may have been supported; feeling compassion for others is, loyalty and generosity have always been valued, while selfishness, cruelty, poverty and bigotry have never received the approval of human society, men have always appreciated perseverance, determination and courage, and never have approved impatience, versatility, cowardice and stupidity. Dignity, restraint, courtesy and kindness have been through times counted among virtues, whereas snobbery, misbehavior and rudeness have never found recognition as good moral qualities. People having a sense of responsibility and dedication to duty have always won the highest esteem of men, never people who are incompetent, lazy, and lack a sense of duty, have been regarded with approval.
Similarly in relation to patterns of right and wrong in the collective behavior of society as a whole, the verdict has always been unanimous.
Solo has been regarded as worthy of honor and respect that society that has the virtues of organization, discipline, mutual affection and feeling for his fellows and established a social order based on justice, freedom, and equality of men. As opposed to this, disorganization and indiscipline, anarchy, disunity, injustice and social imbalance have always been considered as manifestations of decay and disintegration in society. Robbery, murder, larceny, adultery, frauds and scams have always been condemned. Slander, gossip and blackmail has never been considered as healthy social activities, Contrary to this, service and care for the elderly, help your friends and relatives, regard for neighbors, loyalty to friends, support the weak, the destitute and orphans, and care for the sick are qualities that have always been valued since the dawn of civilization. The virtuous, educated, sincere benign and have always been welcomed.
Individuals who are entirely honest, sincere and formal speaking, whose deeds match their words, they are happy with their own legitimate positions that are ready to unload some of his duties, living in peace and let others live peace and sepuede not expect anything other than good, have always been the inwardness of any healthy human society.
This shows that human moral standards are in fact universal and have been well known to mankind through the ages.
Good and evil are not myths to be searchable. realities are well known and equally well understood by all. The sense of good and evil is inherent in the very nature of man.
Hence in the terminology of the Koran, virtue is called “Ma’ruf” (a thing done well) and evil is designated as’ Munkar “(a thing unknown), that is, virtue is known by all as something desirable, and evil is not known to be recommended by itself in any way. This fact is mentioned in the Qur’an when he says:
“For the soul who has given a harmonious, instructing their propensity to sin and fear of God” (The Holy Qur’an 91:7-8).
Why are there differences
The question now is: If the basic values of good and evil have been so well known and has been virtually universal agreement on them, then why this world exists in different patterns of moral behavior? Why are there so many conflicting moral philosophies? Why are certain moral standards contradict each other? What lies at the roots of their differences? What is the unique position of Islam in the context of prevailing ethical systems?
These questions are important and must be faced honestly, but they can not be done justice in the short duration of this talk. To make a long story, briefly summarize some of these important issues that assail us from the very beginning when we undertake a critical examination of contemporary ethical systems and the conflicting patterns of moral behavior.
1. These social systems fail to integrate various moral virtues and norms by prescribing their specific limits and usefulness and to consolidate its proper place. Is to provide, so it will fail to provide a coherent plan of social conduct and balanced.
2. The real cause of their differences seem to lie the moral systems offering different models to stop the evil and the good deeds and announcing various means of distinguishing right from wrong. There are also differences regarding the sanction behind the moral law and in view of the motives that impel a person to follow.
3. Reflecting more deeply, we find that the reasons for these differences emerge from the conflicting views and concepts of different people about man’s place in the universe and man’s purpose in the mountains. The various theories of ethics, philosophy and religion are but a record of the vast divergence of views of mankind in these vital scares such as: Is there a God of the universe and if there is one or many gods? What are the attributes of God? What is the nature of the relationship between God and humans? Have you made some fixes to stop the guide humanity through the rough and tumble of life or not? Does the man to answer to Him or not? If it is, then, what are the things you have to answer? What is the ultimate purpose of man’s creation, which should be kept in view throughout his life? The answers to these questions will determine the way of life, philosophy, ethics and moral behavior pattern of the individual and society.
I find it difficult in this short talk, take stock of the various ethical systems prevalent in the world and to indicate what solutions have been proposed each of these questions and what has been the impact of these responses in the moral evolution of society believer these concepts. Here I limit myself only to the Islamic concept and try to propose this.
The Islamic Concept of Life and Morality
The point of view of Islam, however, is that this universe is God’s creation that I believe is One and He alone is your Master, Sovereign and Sustainer unrivaled.
The whole universe is functioning under His Divine Mandate. He is Wise, Almighty and Omniscient. he is “Subbuh ‘and’ Quddus’ (ie free from any defect, error, weakness and failure, and is pure in every respect).
His divinity is free of bias and injustice. Man is His creature, subject and servant, and was born to serve and obey Him
The correct course of life for man is to live in complete obedience to Him not for man to determine the mode of worship and obedience depends on God to decide this. God, being the teacher, has risen from time to time prophets to guide mankind and has revealed His books through them.
It is the duty of man to take the code for your life, these sources of divine guidance. The man has to answer to God for all his actions in life. The time for accountability is in the life of another world and not this.
The short duration of the present life, is really an opportunity to prepare for that big test. In this life every man’s efforts should be focused on in order to request the pleasure and blessings of God in the other world. During this test, each person is responsible for their beliefs and actions. All his faculties and potentialities, are tested. there will be a fair assessment of his conduct in life by a Being who keeps a complete and correct, not merely of his movements and actions and their influence on everything in the world since lamas tiny speck of dust to the highest mountains – but also a complete record of his innermost thoughts and feelings and intentions.
The Goal of Moral Effort
This is the fundamental attitude of Islam towards life. This concept of the universe and man’s place in it determines the real good and last should be the object of all the efforts of mankind and can be called in short as “seek the pleasure of God.” This is the standard by which a particular mode of conduct is judged and classified as good or bad.
This pattern of trial provides the core around which the whole moral conduct should revolve.
The man has been left like a boat (drift), being buffeted by the gusts of wind and tides.
This model set before men as a central object, set values and standards to stop all moral actions. It provides us with a series of stable values and without imperfections that remain unchanged under all circumstances. Besides that, in making the “pleasure of God” for the purpose of human life, a higher target and more noble is put before mankind and thus unlimited possibilities are opened to stop the moral evolution of man, without being tainted in any state by any shade of narrow self-interest or racial bigotry or worship of the nation.
While providing us with a standard pattern Islam provides stop means determining good or bad behavior. Do not base our knowledge of vice and virtue on mere intellect, desire, intuition, experience gained through the sense organs, which constantly undergo change, adjust mud and do not provide alterations and unchanging moral standards, definitive and categorical. It provides us with a definitive source, divine revelation, as embodied in the Book of God the “Sunnah” (lifestyle) of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). This source provides for a standard of moral conduct that is permanent and universal and supports it in every time and under all circumstances.
The moral code of Islam covers the smallest details of domestic life as well as broader aspects of national and international behavior. We guide you through every stage in life. These regulations involve the wider application of moral principles in the affairs of our lives and frees us from relying solely on other sources of knowledge, except as an aid in this primary source.
Sanction Behind Morality
This concept of the universe and man’s place, it also provides the sanction that must lie within each moral law, that is, love and fear of God, the sense of being held accountable on the Day of Judgement and promise of eternal bliss and reward in the life of another world. Although Islam wants to cultivate a view of the passes that you can point individuals and groups to follow the principles of morality laid down by him and aspire to changing the political system to impose the moral law, so far as possible, through its legislative and executive power, the moral law of Islam “it depends” really only these external pressures.
Rests on the need for good, inherent in every man that is derived from the belief in God and Judgement Day.
Before establishing any moral mandate, Islam seeks to implant firmly in the hearts of men the conviction of his dealings with God. It is at all times and everywhere, you can hide itself from the world but not of it, you can fool everyone, but can not deceive God, who can escape the clutches of anyone but not from God, that while the world can only see the outer life of man, God probes into their innermost intentions and desires, although it can in this short stay in the mountains, do what you want, must die one day, presented himself before the court of divine justice where no lawyer, please recommendation, disfigurement, deception or fraud will be of some value and where its future will be decided with complete impartiality and justice without wastage.
May or may not have any police, law court or prison in the world to stop importing the observation of these mandates and moral regulations, but this belief, firmly rooted in the heart, is the real force of the law of Islam that helps to get their enforcement.
If popular opinion and the coercive powers of state support it stops there, the better, in any case, this faith alone can keep even individual Muslim and a Muslim community in the straight path of truth so that the spark of belief genuine dwell in your heart.
Motives and Incentives
This concept of Islam, about the man and his place in the universe, it also provides the motivating force that can inspire a person to act in conformity with the moral law. The fact that a man “voluntarily” and “willingly” accept God as its Creator and obedience to God as a way of life and strive to seek His pleasure in each of their shares will supply sufficient train stops incentive to obey the commands that he believes from God.
Just with this, the belief of the Day of Judgement and the belief that those who obey God’s commandments, are assured of a good life in the other world, eternal life, any difficulties or obstacles they have faced in this phase transitory life, provides a strong incentive to stop the virtuous life. On the other hand, the belief that anyone who violates the commandments of God in this world, must bear the eternal punishment, with everything superficially nice in this temporary home to spend life, is a strong counterbalance against the violation of the law moral.
If this hope and fear, are firmly and deeply rooted in the heart provide a strong motive-force to inspire one to stop the U virtuous, even in times when worldly consequences may seem to be very personal and damaging legal, and hold one away from evil even on occasions when it seems extremely attractive and profitable.
This clearly indicates that Islam has a different standard of good and evil, its own source of moral law and its own sanctions and motives force and, through them requires the well known and generally accepted moral virtues in all spheres of life after weaving them into a balanced and comprehensive, so you can justifiably declare that Islam has a perfect moral system, their own.
This system has many different features and I see three of the most significant of which, in my opinion, may be named as his special contribution to ethics.
Distinctive features of Islamic Moral Order
1. In establishing the Divine pleasure as the goal of human life, has provided the highest possible standard of morality. This is to provide you with unlimited means to stop the moral evolution of humanity.
By making Divine revelations the primary source of knowledge it gives permanence and stability to the moral standards that allow reasonable scope stop genuine adjustments, adaptations and innovations though not stop perversions, wild changes, atomistic relativism or moral fluidity. It provides us with an endorsement of morality in the love and fear of God ImpelERO man to obey the moral law even without any presiónesterna.
Through belief in God and Judgement Day provides us with a motivating force that enables a person to adopt the moral conduct in good faith and sincerity with all the devotion of the heart and soul.
2. It does not provide, through a false sense of originality or innovation, no new moral virtue and seeks to minimize the importance of well-known moral norms, or give exaggerated importance to some and leaving others without cause. It covers all the commonly known moral virtues and a sense of balance and proportion are assigned a proper place and function to each of them in the overall scheme of life. expands the scope of application to cover every aspect of individual and collective life of man, his domestic associations, his civic conduct and activities in the political realm, economic, legal, educational and social. Covers his life from home to society, the dining table to the battlefield and peace conferences, literally from the cradle to the grave. in short, no sphere of life that is exempt from the universal and comprehensive application of the moral principles of Islam.
Does the realm of morality supreme and ensures that the affairs of life, instead of being dominated by selfish desires selfish interests, are governed by the rules of morality.
3. Provides a way of life to stop the man who is based in everything good and is free of all evil. Calls people not only to practice virtue, but also to establish virtue and eradicate vice, to command good and forbid what is wrong.
He wants the verdict of conscience and virtue prevail should not be pushed to accept a subordinate position of evil. Those who answer this call are gathered together in a community (“Ummah”) and given the name of “Muslims” (Muslims). And the singular object underlying the formation of this community (“Ummah”) is to be an organized effort to stop establish and enforce goodness and suppress and eradicate evil.
It would be a day of mourning for this community and a bad day for the whole world and the efforts of this community were eventually directed towards the establishment of evil and the suppression of good.
