As explained above, these bonds are formed through the movement of electrons in the outermost orbital of atoms. These tend to fill the orbital with the maximum amount of electrons, transferring them or taking them. The maximum is eight. To do this, the atom receives electrons from another atom to complete its “layer” with eight outer electrons, or have in its outermost level much less than eight electrons, then he hits another atom, leaving then with full orbital . The tendency of atoms to exchange electrons provides the basic motivating impulse of chemical bonding that occurs between them.
This force that drives them to maximize the number of electrons in its outermost orbital, forming makes three types of links: the ionic, the covalent and metallic.
Special joints which are called “weak ties”, usually acting between molecules. Are weaker than those between atoms that make up the molecules because they need more flexible structures to form matter.
See in summary the properties of those links and how they form.
The sodium atom is positively charged by giving its outermost electron to a chlorine atom, making it negative because of the mail you received. Both form an ionic bond through which the two opposite charges attract each sí24.
