Can not you see how God does down water from heaven and the earth becomes green? God is subtle, the Aware
(Quran, 22:63)
A liquid specifically chosen for life – the “water” – covers two thirds of the surface of our planet. The bodies of all living things on earth have this very special liquid in a proportion ranging from 55% to 95% of their total volume. Life is present everywhere there is water, regardless of temperature. Thus, we find bacteria in springs with temperatures close to boiling point and some mosses in melting glaciers. Even a drop of water hanging from a leaf after rain, displayed, reproduced and died thousands of microscopic organisms.
How would the Earth if there was no water? The desert I would conquer all. Instead of the sea depths and trenches have shocking. The sky would be clear and with a strange color.
But water is not easily formed. Suppose first that put molecules in a test tube of hydrogen and oxygen – compounds from water – and left them there for a long time. The water does not appear even stay together for hundreds of years. And if it occurs, will be in a very small amount in the bottom of the container, possibly after thousands of years.
The reason water is so slow under these circumstances lies in the temperature. The oxygen and hydrogen react in a very parsimonious at room temperature. When both items are free, are found as molecules of H2 and O2. To form the water molecule must collide as a result of which weaken the links that unite them as molecules, which allows it to combine hydrogen and oxygen atoms. The temperature increase raises the energy and therefore the speed of the molecules, leading to an increased number of collisions between them. This speeds the reaction. Normally, however, does not exist in the planet’s temperature high enough to form water. The heat required to effect was present during the formation of the Earth. It was then that caused the water in the amount we have today.
After that comes the process of evaporation, condensation and precipitation in the atmosphere as rain or ice, but no increase in the number of same but a perpetual cycle of change in status.
The Miraculous Properties of Water
Water has many unique chemical properties. Each water molecule is formed by combining atoms of hydrogen and oxygen. It’s really interesting that these two gases, a reagent and other flammable, combine to form a liquid, or rather, the water.
Now let us see how it is given in summary form the chemical process. The electrical charge of water is zero, ie neutral. However, due to the size of atoms of hydrogen and oxygen, the latter in the water molecule has a slightly negative charge, while the former has a slightly positive charge. To join two or more molecules of water, these positive and negative charges attract each other to form a special link called “hydrogen bonding”, which is very weak and incomprehensibly short life. The length of a hydrogen bond is approximately one billionth of a second. But just breaks one way another. That water molecules stick together tightly and hold their liquid form, because it is a weak link which the cohesive.
Hydrogen bonds also allow water to resist changes in temperature. Although the air temperature gradient increases suddenly, the water as it slowly. And if the air temperature drops sharply, the water, however, makes it gently. Extensive changes are needed to bring the ambient temperature in substantial changes in water temperature. The thermal energy of the latter, significantly increased, imports large benefits for life. Drawing on a simple example, consider the large amount of water in our bodies. If the water suffers the vicissitudes of temperature with the same speed, we would be feverish or frozen so sudden.
If the water had not taken ownership of frozen from the surface to the bottom, a large part of the seas would be frozen in the span of one year and the marine life would be endangered.
Thanks to this difference is that the water needs high heat to evaporate. Accordingly, the evaporation temperature decreases. For example, the normal human body temperature is 36 ° C and can tolerate up to 42 ° C. The interval between the two values is very small and can be covered by just working in the sun for a few hours. But the body expends a great deal of heat by sweating, that is, taking the outside water that we have in the body. And that reduces the temperature. If we did not have the automatic mechanism, could be fatal to perform the above activities.
Hydrogen bonds to water provided another unique property: it is more viscous liquid than solid. Most are more viscous substances in solid form. However, the water expands as it freezes. That is because the hydrogen bonds prevent water molecules are linked together in a way too tight and then there is ample room between them. Hydrogen bonds are broken with liquid water, which makes the oxygen atoms come together more with each other and result in a more viscous. Consequently the ice, by contrast, is lighter.
Usually, if a metal is melted and cast into the cast are solid pieces of it end up in the bottom of the container immediately. But in the case of water and ice is another story. The icebergs that weigh tens of thousands of tons floating in the water like corks. What benefit can we provide this property of water?
Because the density of water ice is less than that of liquid water, ice floats on the latter.
Respond to the question with the example of a river. When it’s cold does not freeze all the affluent but only the surface. The state water reaches its heavier at 4 ° C. In reaching this temperature sinks to the bottom. Ice forms on the surface as a layer and below it the water is flowing. Since at 4 ° C different organisms remain alive, there continues to exist.
This unique property that God has given to water makes life possible on Earth. The Almighty in the Quran tells us the importance of this great blessing given to human beings:
It is He Who sendeth down water from heaven. From it you drink and from it come the shrubs (plants) that graze your herds. Thanks to her, makes you grow cereals, olive trees, palm trees, vines and all kinds of fruit. There is certainly a portent for people who understand (Qur’an, 16:10-11).
An interesting attribute of Water
We know that water boils at 100 ° C and freezes at 0 ° C. In fact, under normal circumstances, should be boiled at 180 ° C. Why?
In the periodic table, properties of elements in the same group vary progressively from light to heavy. This arrangement is most evident in the hydrogen compounds. Those who share the same group with the oxygen in the periodic table are called “hydrides”. The water is actually “hydride of oxygen.” Hydrides of other elements in this group have the same molecular structure of water molecules.
The molecules on the surface of a liquid experience a force pushing inward. This is the surface tension, which provides a cohesive force to molecules that area important enough to not sink the legs of an insect. The high surface tension of water is essential in fisiológicos31 processes.
The boiling point of these compounds varies progressively from the heavier sulfur. However, the boiling point of water, unexpectedly, running counter to that model. Water (oxygen hydride) boils at 80 ° C lower than expected. Another surprising situation has to do with its freezing point. Again, in the order in the periodic system, it is assumed that water freezes at -100 ° C. But this assumption is not fulfilled and freezes at 0 ° C, ie 100 ° C above what it should do. This leads us to wonder why among the hydrides water only disobey the rules of the periodic system.
The laws of physics, chemistry and, in general, everything we call “standards” are attempts to explain the extraordinary and the specific balance of creation in the universe. All research carried out in the twentieth century show more than ever that all natural harmony in the universe are tailor-made for human life. Studies show that all laws of physics, chemistry and biology present, as well as the atmosphere, the sun, atoms, molecules, etc. Have a certain order that is necessary to sustain human life. The water is suitable for life to such an extent that is unmatched by any other liquid. In addition, most of the planet’s surface is covered with water in the amount required for life to exist. It is obvious that all these things can not be a product of chance, but in the universe is in perfect order and all-encompassing design.
God is He Who created the heavens and the earth and sends down water from the cloud, thereby producing fruits as food for. He has subjected to you the ships to which, by his order, may sail the sea. He has subjected to you the rivers. He has subjected to you the sun and the moon pursuing their courses. He has subjected to you the night and day. He gave you all that you have asked. If ye would count the graces of God can not reckon. The man is certainly very unjust, very ungrateful
(Qur’an, 14:32-34)
The physical and chemical properties of water that leave the mouth open to anyone, show that this liquid has been created specifically for human life. God gives life to the people through water and it is through it that brings out all they need humans to maintain their existence. Through the Qur’an, God calls people to think about this:
And He it is Who sends down water from heaven. Through it we’ve got all kinds of plants and foliage, from which we clustered grains. And palm pods, clusters of dates within reach. And (we did grow) gardens of grapes, and olives and pomegranates, alike and different. When fruiting, behold the fruit and the ripeness Verily in this are Signs for those who believe (Qur’an, 6:99).
A Protector Ceiling: Ozone
How the chlorine destroys the ozone?
The chlorine reacts with ozone to produce a molecule of oxygen and hypochlorite ion (OCI-) (1). Ion reacts with an oxygen atom (2) free chlorine, which (3) reacts with another ozone molecule to which destruye32.
The air we breathe, that is, the lower atmosphere is composed mainly of oxygen gas, ie, O2. This means that each of the oxygen molecules in the lower atmosphere contains two atoms. But sometimes it can contain three (O3). In this case no oxygen but is called “ozone” and it is a completely different O2 gas.
It must weigh something. While the oxygen molecule is formed when two atoms of oxygen combine, why a different gas is formed when three atoms of oxygen combine? If a molecule combining two or three oxygen atoms of the same, why there are two different gases? Before answering these questions would be better to see what differentiates one from another.
O2 Oxygen is in the lower atmosphere and allows the existence of all life through breathing. O3 Ozone is a poisonous gas that smells really bad and is in the higher strata of the atmosphere. If we had that breathing ozone instead of oxygen, would all die.
Ozone is in the upper atmosphere because that plays an essential role for life. Is a layer of about twenty miles thick and surrounds the Earth like a belt. Absorbs ultraviolet rays emitted by the sun, thereby preventing them from reaching the earth’s surface in its entirety. As these rays have a very high energy, consumed by burning compounds or elements that direct contact and life would not be formed. That is, the ozone layer is a protective shield.
Survival on Earth requires the practice of breathing and protection against harmful rays from the sun. Who allows this system constitutes God, ruler of every atom, every molecule. Without the permission of God, no force, whatever could gather those atoms in different proportions so that they become molecules of ozone or oxygen.
The molecules we taste and smell
Gustatory and olfactory senses provide us with insights that make our lives more enjoyable. The pleasure derived from these ways has been the subject of interest since ancient times and only recently discovered that due to molecular interactions.
“Gusto” and “smell” are just perceptions created by different molecules in our sense organs. For example, the smells of food, beverages, fruits and flowers, consist of volatile molecules. How does that happen?
Piperine
Is the active component of black and white pepper (berries in the tropical vine Piper nigrum). Black pepper is obtained by allowing the fermentation and drying green fruit later. White pepper is obtained by removing the skin and pulp of the ripe berries, leaving semillas33 dry.
Para-hydroxyphenyl-2-butanone and ionone
The mixture of these two molecules produces a very pleasant aroma. Butanone is the main molecule responsible for the smell of ripe raspberries. The smell of freshly harvested fruit is partly due to the ionone, which is also responsible for the aroma of violets and hay drying in the sun. The ionone is the component of fragrance oil violetas34.
